Post by shanbanan on Sept 16, 2013 10:11:25 GMT -5
Eating Disorders Definitions
Anorexia Athletica (Compulsive Exercising)
Anorexia athletica is a condition where people over-exercise because they believe this will control their bodies and give them a sense of power, control and self-respect. It isn't a clinically recognized diagnosis in the same way that anorexia nervosa or bulimia are, but compulsive exercising can have serious health consequences.
Anorexia nervosa
is characterized by emaciation, a relentless pursuit of thinness and unwillingness to maintain a normal or healthy weight, a distortion of body image and intense fear of gaining weight, a lack of menstruation among girls and women, and extremely disturbed eating behavior. Some people with anorexia lose weight by dieting and exercising excessively; others lose weight by self-induced vomiting, or misusing laxatives, diuretics or enemas.
Many people with anorexia see themselves as overweight, even when they are starved or are clearly malnourished. Eating, food and weight control become obsessions. A person with anorexia typically weighs herself or himself repeatedly, portions food carefully, and eats only very small quantities of only certain foods. Some who have anorexia recover with treatment after only one episode. Others get well but have relapses. Still others have a more chronic form of anorexia, in which their health deteriorates over many years as they battle the illness.
There are two different types of Anorexia that people suffer from; the first is restricting anorexia and the second, binge eating/purging anorexia. The underlying characteristics for both types are basically the same; with both types of anorexia the sufferer will have a total fear of weight gain.
The sufferer will also have a greatly distorted vision of there own body, they will always see themselves as being overweight even when they are no more than barely skin and bones.
Both types of anorexia may also include depression as a symptom and as a result of there denial of the problem it is often friends and relatives who are the first to notice and bring up the fact that they do indeed have an illness.
Anorexia is thought be a “women’s problem” but while it is true that it does affect more women than men; men do suffer from anorexia too. The disease most commonly occurs in young women between the age of 15 and 18 and often the onset usually occurs during adolescence, it can also occur in later life but this is rare.
Binge/purging Anorexia
The anorexic suffering from bingeing anorexia will have the tendency to induce vomiting once they have eaten. The sufferer will eat and once digested they will immediately be overcome with a sense of guilt for the actions and will force themselves to be sick to rid themselves of the food.
This can lead to serious problems with the digestive system and in particular the oesophagus which due to the acid could burst or rupture. Another form of purging is with the use of laxatives many anorexics think that the use of laxatives can actually help lose weight but they are wrong as laxatives only work at the lower end of the bowel.
Restrictive Anorexia
The second type of anorexia is called restrictive, as the name suggests the sufferer will restrict the amount of food taken into the body, with this type of anorexia the sufferer won’t eat binge on food and then vomit, they just don’t eat.
The will have the same overall thoughts and feelings about how there body looks and will have the same fear that they are overweight, the same sense of worthlessness and they can be affected greatly by depression which goes hand in hand with anorexia.
The sufferer may also exercise sometimes to the extreme in the attempt to rid them selves of the fat they see themselves as having.
Binge Eating Disorder (BED)
Individuals with binge eating disorders eat excessive amounts of food at one time. They do this for many reasons:
They are very hungry because they have been dieting or restricting their eating in some way. The binge is a response to that hunger.
They over-eat to comfort themselves, to avoid uncomfortable situations, or to numb their feelings. The binge is an attempt to soothe themselves emotionally.
People who binge-eat are often ashamed and embarrassed. They also tend to be genetically heavier and larger than the "average" person. They do not, however, generally try to compensate for their over-eating by vomiting, fasting, over-exercising or abusing laxatives as people with anorexia or bulimia may do.
Binge eating disorder typically includes periods of excessive overeating. However, a person with a binge eating disorder does not subsequently induce purging (vomiting), as is the case with bulimia. Binge eating can occur on its own, or alongside other disorders or conditions, such as Prader-Willi disorder, or a lesion of the hypothalamus gland.
Binge eating can encourage the development of hypertension (high blood pressure), obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Treatment options depend on what is causing the binge eating. A person with a binge eating disorder feels compelled to eat too much. Individuals will consume enormous quantities of food, even when they are not hungry. Binge eaters believe they have absolutely no control over their eating. After a bout of binge eating the person feels disgust and guilt. This feeling of failed self may form part of an underlying problem, such as anxiety or depression - both can either cause or exacerbate the disorder.
Even the best of us occasionally overeats, helping ourselves to seconds, and even thirds; especially on holiday or festive celebrations. This is not a binge eating disorder. It becomes a disorder when the bingeing occurs regularly, and the binger is shrouded in shame and secrecy. The binger is deeply embarrassed about overeating and vows never to do it again. However, the compulsion is so strong that subsequent urges to gorge themselves cannot be resisted.
Bulimia Nervosa
is characterized by cycles of bingeing and purging. As with anorexia, this behaviour is driven by a desire to regulate feelings, and with worries about body weight and shape.
The cycle begins with the person rapidly eating large amounts of food in a single sitting. The eating feels automatic and helpless. This may, initially, numb uncomfortable feelings, like anger or sadness. But it also creates physical discomfort and anxiety about weight gain. As a consequence, the person tries to rid the body of the food that was consumed. This is attempted by vomiting, using laxatives, enemas or diuretics, by exercising excessively, by skipping meals or by dieting.
These purging behaviours don't achieve the desired goals - to feel more physically comfortable and not gain weight. Instead, they are very harmful to health.
Night-Eating Syndrome
Individuals with Night-Eating Syndrome tend to limit their eating during the day, and then eat at night to compensate. Predictably, this pattern of self-starvation commonly causes sleep disturbances. Biological and emotional factors - hormones related to stress, sleep and hunger - contribute to this kind of behaviour. Although rare, a slightly higher percentage of obese individuals and those with bulimia experience it.
Symptoms include:
Little or no appetite for breakfast.
Eating more than half of one's daily food intake after dinner. This behaviour continues over a period of at least three months.
Feeling tense, anxious, upset or guilty while eating.
Having difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep.
Eating continually in the evening rather than bingeing in relatively short episodes.
Experiencing guilt and shame from eating rather than enjoyment.
Night-Eating Syndrome has not been formally defined as an eating disorder.
Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (ED-NOS)
Individuals who experience a mix of anorexia and/or bulimia and/or binge-eating symptoms, but who don't fall neatly into one of the medical categories, are said to have an Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (ED-NOS). These individuals should also receive the help and resources provided to individuals who have a "neat" clinical diagnosis.Individuals with EDNOS usually fall into one of three groups: subthreshold symptoms of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, mixed features of both disorders, or extremely atypical eating behaviors that are not characterized by either of the other established disorders.[2] In other words, EDNOS acts as a default category, and is defined by what it is not. Currently, EDNOS is the most commonly diagnosed eating disorder in clinical settings. Because little is known about the symptoms, course, and outcome of this heterogeneous category, the preponderance of EDNOS in clinical practice impedes clinical communication, treatment planning, epidemiological inquiry, and primary prevention.
For instance, individuals with ED-NOS may exhibit all the symptoms of anorexia but:
Women may continue to experience menstruation.
Men won't typically experience abnormally low sex hormones.
Both men and women may lose weight but still remain in the normal weight range.
Others may have all the symptoms of bulimia, but won't binge and/or purge as often as is required to be categorized as having bulimia.
Many people with ED-NOS also engage in other symptoms associated with anorexia, bulimia or binge eating.
Orthorexia ("Correct" eating disorder)
is a proposed eating disorder or mental disorder characterized by an extreme or excessive preoccupation with avoiding foods perceived to be unhealthful.meaning a correct diet. It was introduced in 1997 by Steven Bratman, M.D., to be used as a parallel with other eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa. Orthorexia is not mentioned in the widely-used
Orthorexia is a cluster of food- and weight-related symptoms, including:
Eating only foods regarded as healthy.
Relying only on "natural" products to treat an illness.
Finding more pleasure in eating "correctly" rather than in simply eating.
Although orthorexia is not a recognized diagnosis, it does - like other forms of disordered eating - lead to an obsessive focus on food. People with orthorexia experience emotional satisfaction when they stick to their goals, but intense despair when they fail to do so. Weight is commonly used as a measure of their success. Their behaviours and beliefs can lead to social isolation and ill health.
Pica
Pica is an eating disorder characterized by the eating of things that are not food. Children between 18 months and two years of age often eat dirt or other things, but this is typically a normal part of their development. If this behaviour reoccurs later in life, however, it is regarded as an eating disorder. People with pica crave things like dirt, clay, chalk, paint chips, laundry powders, cigarette ashes, rust or plastic.
Pica occurs most commonly in people who:
Are pregnant.
Have poor eating habits.
Have developmental disabilities.
Have psychiatric difficulties.
Pica can be harmless unless the substances consumed are toxic or contaminated. In these cases individuals can get very sick or die.
Resources found on:
Google Definition
National Eating Disorder Information Centre- www.nedic.ca/knowthefacts/definitions.shtml
Wikipedia- en.wikipedia.org/
National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders- www.anad.org/
other sites used:
www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/173184.php
answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110323221830AAHes9s
:: If there is anything i missed people feel free to add and i will extend this post
. Thanks
Read more: distortedstarvation.com/thread/9/eating-disorder-definitions#ixzz2f4Jp4nCq
Anorexia Athletica (Compulsive Exercising)
Anorexia athletica is a condition where people over-exercise because they believe this will control their bodies and give them a sense of power, control and self-respect. It isn't a clinically recognized diagnosis in the same way that anorexia nervosa or bulimia are, but compulsive exercising can have serious health consequences.
Anorexia nervosa
is characterized by emaciation, a relentless pursuit of thinness and unwillingness to maintain a normal or healthy weight, a distortion of body image and intense fear of gaining weight, a lack of menstruation among girls and women, and extremely disturbed eating behavior. Some people with anorexia lose weight by dieting and exercising excessively; others lose weight by self-induced vomiting, or misusing laxatives, diuretics or enemas.
Many people with anorexia see themselves as overweight, even when they are starved or are clearly malnourished. Eating, food and weight control become obsessions. A person with anorexia typically weighs herself or himself repeatedly, portions food carefully, and eats only very small quantities of only certain foods. Some who have anorexia recover with treatment after only one episode. Others get well but have relapses. Still others have a more chronic form of anorexia, in which their health deteriorates over many years as they battle the illness.
There are two different types of Anorexia that people suffer from; the first is restricting anorexia and the second, binge eating/purging anorexia. The underlying characteristics for both types are basically the same; with both types of anorexia the sufferer will have a total fear of weight gain.
The sufferer will also have a greatly distorted vision of there own body, they will always see themselves as being overweight even when they are no more than barely skin and bones.
Both types of anorexia may also include depression as a symptom and as a result of there denial of the problem it is often friends and relatives who are the first to notice and bring up the fact that they do indeed have an illness.
Anorexia is thought be a “women’s problem” but while it is true that it does affect more women than men; men do suffer from anorexia too. The disease most commonly occurs in young women between the age of 15 and 18 and often the onset usually occurs during adolescence, it can also occur in later life but this is rare.
Binge/purging Anorexia
The anorexic suffering from bingeing anorexia will have the tendency to induce vomiting once they have eaten. The sufferer will eat and once digested they will immediately be overcome with a sense of guilt for the actions and will force themselves to be sick to rid themselves of the food.
This can lead to serious problems with the digestive system and in particular the oesophagus which due to the acid could burst or rupture. Another form of purging is with the use of laxatives many anorexics think that the use of laxatives can actually help lose weight but they are wrong as laxatives only work at the lower end of the bowel.
Restrictive Anorexia
The second type of anorexia is called restrictive, as the name suggests the sufferer will restrict the amount of food taken into the body, with this type of anorexia the sufferer won’t eat binge on food and then vomit, they just don’t eat.
The will have the same overall thoughts and feelings about how there body looks and will have the same fear that they are overweight, the same sense of worthlessness and they can be affected greatly by depression which goes hand in hand with anorexia.
The sufferer may also exercise sometimes to the extreme in the attempt to rid them selves of the fat they see themselves as having.
Binge Eating Disorder (BED)
Individuals with binge eating disorders eat excessive amounts of food at one time. They do this for many reasons:
They are very hungry because they have been dieting or restricting their eating in some way. The binge is a response to that hunger.
They over-eat to comfort themselves, to avoid uncomfortable situations, or to numb their feelings. The binge is an attempt to soothe themselves emotionally.
People who binge-eat are often ashamed and embarrassed. They also tend to be genetically heavier and larger than the "average" person. They do not, however, generally try to compensate for their over-eating by vomiting, fasting, over-exercising or abusing laxatives as people with anorexia or bulimia may do.
Binge eating disorder typically includes periods of excessive overeating. However, a person with a binge eating disorder does not subsequently induce purging (vomiting), as is the case with bulimia. Binge eating can occur on its own, or alongside other disorders or conditions, such as Prader-Willi disorder, or a lesion of the hypothalamus gland.
Binge eating can encourage the development of hypertension (high blood pressure), obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Treatment options depend on what is causing the binge eating. A person with a binge eating disorder feels compelled to eat too much. Individuals will consume enormous quantities of food, even when they are not hungry. Binge eaters believe they have absolutely no control over their eating. After a bout of binge eating the person feels disgust and guilt. This feeling of failed self may form part of an underlying problem, such as anxiety or depression - both can either cause or exacerbate the disorder.
Even the best of us occasionally overeats, helping ourselves to seconds, and even thirds; especially on holiday or festive celebrations. This is not a binge eating disorder. It becomes a disorder when the bingeing occurs regularly, and the binger is shrouded in shame and secrecy. The binger is deeply embarrassed about overeating and vows never to do it again. However, the compulsion is so strong that subsequent urges to gorge themselves cannot be resisted.
Bulimia Nervosa
is characterized by cycles of bingeing and purging. As with anorexia, this behaviour is driven by a desire to regulate feelings, and with worries about body weight and shape.
The cycle begins with the person rapidly eating large amounts of food in a single sitting. The eating feels automatic and helpless. This may, initially, numb uncomfortable feelings, like anger or sadness. But it also creates physical discomfort and anxiety about weight gain. As a consequence, the person tries to rid the body of the food that was consumed. This is attempted by vomiting, using laxatives, enemas or diuretics, by exercising excessively, by skipping meals or by dieting.
These purging behaviours don't achieve the desired goals - to feel more physically comfortable and not gain weight. Instead, they are very harmful to health.
Night-Eating Syndrome
Individuals with Night-Eating Syndrome tend to limit their eating during the day, and then eat at night to compensate. Predictably, this pattern of self-starvation commonly causes sleep disturbances. Biological and emotional factors - hormones related to stress, sleep and hunger - contribute to this kind of behaviour. Although rare, a slightly higher percentage of obese individuals and those with bulimia experience it.
Symptoms include:
Little or no appetite for breakfast.
Eating more than half of one's daily food intake after dinner. This behaviour continues over a period of at least three months.
Feeling tense, anxious, upset or guilty while eating.
Having difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep.
Eating continually in the evening rather than bingeing in relatively short episodes.
Experiencing guilt and shame from eating rather than enjoyment.
Night-Eating Syndrome has not been formally defined as an eating disorder.
Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (ED-NOS)
Individuals who experience a mix of anorexia and/or bulimia and/or binge-eating symptoms, but who don't fall neatly into one of the medical categories, are said to have an Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (ED-NOS). These individuals should also receive the help and resources provided to individuals who have a "neat" clinical diagnosis.Individuals with EDNOS usually fall into one of three groups: subthreshold symptoms of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, mixed features of both disorders, or extremely atypical eating behaviors that are not characterized by either of the other established disorders.[2] In other words, EDNOS acts as a default category, and is defined by what it is not. Currently, EDNOS is the most commonly diagnosed eating disorder in clinical settings. Because little is known about the symptoms, course, and outcome of this heterogeneous category, the preponderance of EDNOS in clinical practice impedes clinical communication, treatment planning, epidemiological inquiry, and primary prevention.
For instance, individuals with ED-NOS may exhibit all the symptoms of anorexia but:
Women may continue to experience menstruation.
Men won't typically experience abnormally low sex hormones.
Both men and women may lose weight but still remain in the normal weight range.
Others may have all the symptoms of bulimia, but won't binge and/or purge as often as is required to be categorized as having bulimia.
Many people with ED-NOS also engage in other symptoms associated with anorexia, bulimia or binge eating.
Orthorexia ("Correct" eating disorder)
is a proposed eating disorder or mental disorder characterized by an extreme or excessive preoccupation with avoiding foods perceived to be unhealthful.meaning a correct diet. It was introduced in 1997 by Steven Bratman, M.D., to be used as a parallel with other eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa. Orthorexia is not mentioned in the widely-used
Orthorexia is a cluster of food- and weight-related symptoms, including:
Eating only foods regarded as healthy.
Relying only on "natural" products to treat an illness.
Finding more pleasure in eating "correctly" rather than in simply eating.
Although orthorexia is not a recognized diagnosis, it does - like other forms of disordered eating - lead to an obsessive focus on food. People with orthorexia experience emotional satisfaction when they stick to their goals, but intense despair when they fail to do so. Weight is commonly used as a measure of their success. Their behaviours and beliefs can lead to social isolation and ill health.
Pica
Pica is an eating disorder characterized by the eating of things that are not food. Children between 18 months and two years of age often eat dirt or other things, but this is typically a normal part of their development. If this behaviour reoccurs later in life, however, it is regarded as an eating disorder. People with pica crave things like dirt, clay, chalk, paint chips, laundry powders, cigarette ashes, rust or plastic.
Pica occurs most commonly in people who:
Are pregnant.
Have poor eating habits.
Have developmental disabilities.
Have psychiatric difficulties.
Pica can be harmless unless the substances consumed are toxic or contaminated. In these cases individuals can get very sick or die.
Resources found on:
Google Definition
National Eating Disorder Information Centre- www.nedic.ca/knowthefacts/definitions.shtml
Wikipedia- en.wikipedia.org/
National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders- www.anad.org/
other sites used:
www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/173184.php
answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110323221830AAHes9s
:: If there is anything i missed people feel free to add and i will extend this post
. ThanksRead more: distortedstarvation.com/thread/9/eating-disorder-definitions#ixzz2f4Jp4nCq
Thankyoou .xxxxx